Higher education in further education: the operation

This operation is significantly influenced by the funding criteria of the provision:

• Directly funded provision
• Indirectly funded provision
• A combination of directly and indirectly funded provision

Further education institutions with only directly funded provision

• All provision is validated by the same higher education institutions
• Provision is validated by a number of different higher education institutions
  

Further education institutions with only indirectly funded provision

• Provision is franchised from a single higher education institution
• Provision is franchised from a number of different higher education institutions
  

Further education institutions with a combination of directly and indirectly funded provision

• Foundation degrees are developed and delivered through consortia arrangements
• Joint degrees are developed, delivered and funded jointly with one or more other institution
• Degrees in collaboration, where courses are jointly designed, and delivered, but the higher education institution owns the course and student and ‘buys in’ teaching, accommodation and access to resources